The concept of urban flux Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The concept of urban flux - Essay Example Flux came into existence in 1950s with the neo-dada movement that used sound, sight, spectacles and event to explore artistic experience available in those days. This marked the beginning of change in art and urban environment, with more designers engaging into art as a score for performance. In addition, new technological innovations and the unstable urban environment have led to development of new trends flux display. For example, it is now possible to establish pixilated displays on the entire facade of buildings in urban areas. Transit vehicles as well can be used as mobile billboard as they move around the city (Hack, 2011). There are a number of ways in which urban flux has contributed into the current urban experience. The first one is that fluxes act as tourist’s attraction. For instances, by 1970s, Times Square was one of the places avoided by New Yorkers and tourist since it had become the hideout for criminal and sex workers (Hack, 2011). Despite the many attempts t o clear the unfortunate reputation the situation did not change, not until, designers came up with a plan they referred to as forty-second street now. The plan projected that the ground floor of all the buildings along Times Square streets to be covered with signage. In addition, new zoning rules were created which made it a requirement for every building plan to include signage and all tall building to have a 50 sq ft or more of super signage. Currently, New York Times Square is the most attractive and frequently visited areas in New York. The second one is that flux promotes communication and dissemination of information to a large number of people. This is possible because most of the urban flux displays are along the pedestrian pathways. For example, the Berlin wall paintings and Democracy wall in Beijing. The third advantage of urban flux is that it helps to create an attachment between the residents of a place and its environment. For instance, public art can symbolize a lost history of a place or engaging the public in its creation (Hack, 2011). Lastly, flux can bring back to life neglected and transitional parts of a city. A program on mural Arts in Philadelphia has significantly assisted in transforming parts of the city that were once abandoned. Urban flux, however, is associated with a number of ethical and legal issues. The first one is that, in most cases, temporary signage tends to persist even after building construction is completed. The second issue is an argument that advertisement fluxes on street benches and stands make the city untidy. The third one suggests that urban flux allow display of adverts that promotes unacceptable social practices such as beer drinking. The last one is that urban flux, especially the mural program does not clearly outline the rights entailed to an artist’s work ownership and maintenance terms. The fifth one is that some murals may be offensive in a way. Moreover, there are difficulties encountered in regu lating flux. For instance, the controversies on whether a fully pixilated facade is a sign or an element, a commercial billboard or art. The other difficult issue is determining the duration temporary elements should remain on the construction sites. In addition, it is also not clear if there are

The Action of President Johnson Essay Example for Free

The Action of President Johnson Essay â€Å"The Action of President Johnson were far more important to the Civil Rights Movement than that of President Kennedy in the years 1960 to 1965† Explain what you agree or disagree with in this view. (24) President Kennedy was slow to help blacks during his short time in power during 1961 to 1963. Due to him having a close electoral victory he was hesitant to help blacks as he would become less popular amongst the whites, although he had a lot of power to do so anyway. Civil Rights legislation simply was not part of Kennedys agenda, he did use the power of the executive to back up Brown v. Board of education, but he supported no legislation to enforce or extend Civil Rights. However Kennedy had been so shocked by the number of blacks employed that he put pressure on the civil service to employ blacks. Even Kennedy himself promoted 40 blacks to top positions within the White House. However down south the situation was harder to change and Kennedy had to balance morality and practicality as he didn’t want to lose white southern voters. He’d been most helpful with his symbolic gestures by inviting more blacks than any other previous President. His group the EEOC also didn’t have much impact amongst the blacks but left a lasting impact by reminding employers of their obligations. In President Kennedys last attempts of the Civil Rights Bill to help black workers and blacks to use their vote; however the bill got stuck in congress. Johnson did not deviate from the Kennedy agenda significantly while serving the remainder of Kennedys term, but after getting elected in his own right vigorously pursued Civil Rights legislation, and got most of his Civil Rights legislation enacted into law before the new Congress had gotten their chairs warm. It only passed congress once President Johnson who came into power after Kennedy’s assassination continued to try and push the bill through although told it would affect the 1964 presidential election; Johnson insisted that discrimination was wrong. He’d had a vision of the ‘Great Society’, with an end to poverty and racial injustice. In conclusion Kennedy could be seen as someone who calculated his approach to racial problems, only helping blacks when forced to do so. The Civil Rights Bill which had been handed to congress by Kennedy was an important step to the civil Rights movement and although it was passed during Johnsons power it’s unsure if it was due to the sadness over Kennedys assassination, because of Kennedys efforts with the congressmen, or because of President Johnson.

Southwest Airlines Essay -- Essays Papers

Southwest Airlines Executive Summary Southwest Airlines is currently the fourth largest airline in the United States. It flies over 64 million passengers a year, which makes 2,700 passengers a day, traveling to 58 cities. Southwest is the only major carrier to remain profitable in every quarter since 9/11, opposed to many other companies who have declared bankruptcy. It is an influential company that has greatly contributed to the development of the commercial airline industry. This industry has grown at an average rate of 5% over the past 20 years. Of course several uncontrollable economic and environmental factors, such as the events of September 11th and the current war on Iraq, have caused this growth to fluctuate. But, as market competition keeps increasing, airline management is trying to improve productivity, using different methods to reduce unit costs, and increase total network revenues without raising fares. What helps keep Southwest so successful is it’s company’s well-organized, efficient management and superior attitude. They do a very good job of concentrating on keeping their customers happy. They do this through treating their employees how they would want their customers to be treated, and committing themselves to constantly cut-down on costs. Introduction The growth of the commercial airline industry during the second half of this century was truly remarkable. It has had an innovatory impact on economic, technological, and cultural development throughout the world. This paper analyzes Southwest Airlines, and how they are using information technology to gain competitive advantage. First is the industry analysis which gives a sense of what... ...arketing. 18-22. [ONLINE] Available: http://web2.infotrac.galegroup.com/itw/infomark/252/73/36123470w2/purl=rc1_EAIM_0_A53649655&dyn=22!xrn_5_0_A53649655?sw_aep=vol_b92b (December 1998) Southwest Airlines Co. (2002). Southwest Airlines Annual Report [Page of southwest airlines.com], [ONLINE]. Available: http://southwestairlines.com/investor_relations/swaar02.pdf [2003, April 9] Southwest Airlines Co. (Feb 18, 2003). Southwest Airlines Fact Sheet [Fact Sheet, Southwest Airlines], [ONLINE]. Available: http://www.southwest.com/about_swa/press/factsheet.html [2003, April 11]. Zellner, Wendy. (2003). Holding Steady: As Rivals Sputter, Can Southwest Stay on Top? Business Week. 66-68. [ONLINE] Available: http://web2.infotrac.galegroup.com/itw/infomark/252/73/36123470w2/purl=rc1_EAIM_0_A91876745&dyn=11!xrn_7_0_A91876745?sw_aep=vol_b92b (February 3, 2003)

Molecular Biology Paper

Lab Report #1 Introduction A cell’s plasma membrane is known to be selectively permeable. This implies that the membrane is selective on what substances can pass in and out of the cell. There are two methods of transport that occur through the plasma membrane. One method of transport is called active process which uses ATP energy to transport substances through the membrane. The other method is called passive process which does not require the use of ATP energy. During passive processes, molecules are transported through the membrane by differences in concentration or pressure between the inside and outside of the cell. Two important types of passive process are diffusion and filtration. Every cell in the human body uses diffusion as an important transport process through its selectively permeable membrane. During diffusion, molecules that are small enough to pass through a membrane’s pores or molecules that can dissolve in the lipid section of a membrane move from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration. The kinetic energy that all molecules possess is the motivating force in diffusion. Facilitated diffusion occurs when molecules are too large to pass through a membrane or are lipid insoluble. In this process, carrier protein molecules located in the membrane combine with solutes and transport them down the concentration gradient. Filtration is another type of passive process and, unlike diffusion; this is not a selective process. The pressure gradient on each side of the membrane as well as the membrane pore size depends on the amount of solutes and fluids in the filtrate. During filtration, water and solute molecules pass through a membrane from an area of higher hydrostatic pressure to an area of lower hydrostatic pressure. This means that water and solutes would pass through a selectively permeable membrane along the pressure gradient. To gain a better understanding of a cell’s selectively permeable membrane and the passive processes of simple diffusion, facilitated diffusion, and filtration, three experiments were conducted. Materials and Methods Activity 1: Simulating Dialysis (Simple Diffusion) Materials: ? two glass beakers ? four dialysis membranes: 20 (MWCO), 50 (MWCO), 100 (MWCO), and 200 (MWCO) ? membrane holder ? membrane barrier ? four solutes: NaCl, Urea, Albumin, and Glucose solution dispenser ? deionized water ? timer ? beaker flush This experiment was conducted first by placing the 20 (MWCO) dialysis membrane into the membrane holder. The membrane holder joined the two glass beakers; one on the left side and one on the right side. Then, 9. 00 mM of NaCl concentration was dispensed into the left beaker. Deionized water was dispensed in the right beaker. When the timer was started, t he barrier that surrounded the membrane holder was lowered to allow the contents of each beaker to come in contact with the membrane. After the 60 minutes of compressed time elapsed, results were read and recorded. Finally, each beaker was then flushed for preparation of the next experiment run. These exact steps were followed using each dialysis membrane size (20, 50, 100, and 200) as well as with each solute (NaCl, Urea, Albumin, and Glucose). There were a total of sixteen runs in this experiment. Activity 2: Simulating Facilitated Diffusion Materials: ? two glass beakers ? membrane builder ? membrane holder ? glucose concentration ? solution dispenser ? deionized water ? timer beaker flush In this experiment, the first step was to adjust the glucose carrier to 500 in order to correctly build the membrane. Next, a membrane was built in the membrane builder by inserting 500 glucose carrier proteins into it. Then, the newly built membrane was placed into the membrane holder that joined the two glass beakers. The two glass beakers were joined on the left and right sides of the membrane holder. After that, 2. 00 mM o f glucose concentration was dispensed into the left beaker. The right beaker was filled with deionized water. The barrier around the membrane holder dropped when the timer was started. After 60 minutes of compressed time elapsed, the results were read and recorded. Finally, both glass beakers were flushed to prepare for the next experimental runs. The above mentioned steps were repeated by increasing the glucose concentration to 8. 00. Both the 2. 00 mM and the 8. 00 mM glucose concentration solution were tested using membranes built with 500, 700, and 900 glucose carrier proteins. There were a total of six experimental runs. Activity 4: Simulating Filtration Materials: ? two glass beakers membrane holder ? 4 dialysis membranes: 20 (MWCO), 50 (MWCO), 100 (MWCO), and 200 (MWCO) ? 4 solutions: Na+Cl? , Urea, glucose, and powdered charcoal ? solution dispenser ? pressure unit ? timer ? filtration rate indicator ? membrane residue analysis analyzer ? beaker flush In the final experiment, the two glass beakers were placed one on top of the other with the membrane holder between them. The pressure unit that rested on the top beaker was used for forcing the solution from the top beaker through the selected membrane and into the bottom beaker. The bottom beaker contained nothing; however, the filtration rate indicator was attached to it from one side. The experiment began by placing the 20 (MWCO) dialysis membrane into the membrane holder. Then, 5. 00 mg/ml of each of the following solutions: Na+Cl? , Urea, glucose, and powdered charcoal were dispensed into the top beaker. The pressure unit was adjusted to 50 mmHg of pressure. The timer was set to 60 minutes of compressed time and when the timer started, the membrane holder retracted. The solution then flowed through the membrane and into the beaker underneath. When the timer stopped, the membrane was then placed in the membrane residue analysis analyzer. The results were read and recorded and the beakers were flushed for the next experimental runs. All the above steps were repeated using the 50 (MWCO), 100 (MWCO), and 200 (MWCO) membranes. Results Table 1: Activity 1: Simulating Dialysis (Simple Diffusion) Key: Solutes that were able to diffuse into the right beaker are indicated by a â€Å"+†. Solutes that were not able to diffuse into the right beaker are indicated by a â€Å"-â€Å". Membrane (MWCO) Solute (9. 0 mM) |(Pore Size) |NaCl |Urea |Albumin |Glucose | |20 |– |– |– |– | |50 |+ |– |– |– | |100 |+ |– |– |– | |200 |+ |– |– |+ | Graph 1: Activity 2: Simulating Facilitated Diffusion Glucose Transport Rate (mM/min) [pic] Table 2 and 3: Activity 4: Simulating Filtration Table #2: Solute Residue Presence in the Membrane Key: If solute residue wa s present on the membrane, it is indicated by a â€Å"+†. If solute residue was not present on the membrane, it is indicated by a â€Å"–â€Å". Membrane (MWCO) |Solute |20 |50 |100 |200 | |NaCl |+ |+ |+ |+ | |Urea |+ |+ |+ |+ | |Glucose |+ |+ |+ |+ | |Powdered Charcoal |+ |+ |+ |+ | Table 3: Filtration Rate and Amount of Solute Detected in Filtrate Membrane (MWCO) |Solute |20 |50 |100 |200 | |Filtration Rate (ml/min) | | | | | | |1 |2. |5 |10 | |NaCl in filtrate (mg/ml) | | | | | | |0 |4. 81 |4. 81 |4. 81 | |Urea in filtrate (mg/ml) | | | | | | |0 |0 |4. 74 |4. 74 | |Glucose in filtrate | | | | | |(mg/ml) |0 |0 |0 |4. 9 | |Powdered Charcoal (mg/ml) | | | | | | |0 |0 |0 |0 | Discussion The first lab experiment, Simulating Dialysis (Simple Diffusion), demonstrated how only certain molecules pass through a selectively permeable membrane down its concentration gradient. The four membranes utilized in this experiment consisted of each one being different in pore size (MWCO). The smallest pore-sized membrane was 20 (MWCO), and the largest was 200 (MWCO). The solutes that were tested in this experiment were NaCl, Urea, Albumin, and Glucose. The first solute tested, NaCl, showed that with a 20 (MWCO) membrane, no diffusion occurred into the right beaker. (Table 1) The NaCl molecules were evidently too large to pass through the 20 (MWCO) membrane because its pores were too small. Membranes 50, 100, and 200 (MWCO) did allow the NaCl to pass through. (Table 1) One of the reasons this occurred is because the pores in the above mentioned membranes were large enough to permit the passage of the NaCl molecules. The other reason diffusion occurred is because the NaCl molecules moved down its concentration gradient and into the beaker filled with deionized water. For all three membranes, equilibrium was reached in ten minutes at an average diffusion rate of 0. 0150 mM/min. As for the solute Urea, the experiment conducted showed that no diffusion occurred with all four membranes. (Table 1) Urea should have passed through membranes 100 (MWCO) and 200 (MWCO) for the reasons that its molecules are small enough and Urea is also soluble. This experiment showed that none of the Albumin molecules diffused through any of the four membranes tested. (Table 1) This is because the Albumin molecules were too large to pass through the pores of all four membranes. The final solute tested in this experiment, Glucose, showed that the molecules only diffused through the 200 (MWCO) membrane. (Table 1) Equilibrium was reached in thirty-seven minutes at an average diffusion rate of 0. 0040 mM/min. The Glucose molecules were too large to diffuse through the 20 (MWCO), 50 (MWCO), and 100 (MWCO) membranes. The second experiment, Simulating Facilitated Diffusion, explained how carrier protein molecules in the membrane effectively transported molecules that are too large or are insoluble to diffuse through the membrane. The carrier proteins in this experiment were glucose carriers and the solution was a 2. 00 (mM) and an 8. 00 (mM) glucose concentration. The 2. 00 (mM) glucose concentration was tested first with the 500 glucose carrier protein membrane then the 700 and 900 glucose carrier protein membranes. The glucose transport rate for the membrane with 500 glucose carrier proteins was 0. 0008 (mM/min). Graph 1) The membrane with 700 glucose carrier proteins showed a rate of 0. 0010 (mM/min) and the 900 glucose carrier proteins membrane had a rate of 0. 0012 (mM/min). (Graph 1) The 8. 00 (mM) glucose concentration also showed and increase in glucose transport rate with membranes that contained more glucose carrier proteins. The membrane with 500 glucose carrier proteins showed a rate of 0. 0023 (mM/min). (Graph 1) Membranes that had 700 and 900 glucose carrier proteins showed a rate of 0. 0031 and 0. 0038 (mM/min). (Graph 1) These results show that with an increase in amount of glucose carrier proteins in the membranes, transport of the glucose molecules in the concentration is more effective. A higher concentration of glucose (8. 00 mM) also increases the rate of glucose transport in a membrane with the same amount of glucose carrier proteins as a lower glucose concentration (2. 00). The final experiment, Simulating Filtration, four different solutes were forced through four membranes that contained separate pore sizes by the use of hydrostatic pressure. After each experimental run was conducted, the membrane analyses showed that residue from all four solutes were detected on each membrane. (Table 2) This indicates that some solutes did not filter through the membrane. The filtration rate (ml/min) increased as membranes with larger pores were utilized. This happened because the solute molecules were able to transport through a particular membrane at a faster rate being that the membranes’ pores were larger. The filtrate in the bottom beaker was analyzed and no solutes were detected with the 20 (MWCO) membrane. (Table 3) With the 50 (MWCO) membrane, only NaCl was detected in the filtrate at 4. 81 (mg/ml). (Table 3) The 100 (MWCO) membrane showed to have NaCl at 4. 81 (mg/ml) and Urea at 4. 74 (mg/ml) present in the filtrate. (Table 3) Glucose and powdered charcoal were not present. The last membrane with pore size 200 (MWCO), had the solutes NaCl at 4. 81 (mg/ml), Urea at 4. 74 (mg/ml), and Glucose at 4. 39 (mg/ml) detected in the filtrate. (Table 3) Powdered charcoal was not detected in this filtrate. Table 3) The molecules in powdered charcoal were too large to pass through any of the membranes tested. The 20 (MWCO) membrane pores were too small to allow any solute molecules to pass through. The membranes that contained lar ger pores allowed the solutes with larger pores pass through. The amounts (mg/ml) of the same solute detected in the filtrate were the same for each membrane. (Table 3) This is because the pressure that was released into the top beaker remained at 50 (mmHg) for all experiment runs. References Marieb, Elaine N. , Mitchell, Susan J. (2008). Exercise 5B. Human Anatomy & Physiology Laboratory Manual Ninth Edition (pp. PEx-5 – PEx-13). San Francisco, California: Pearson Benjamin Cummings.

Rischard Review Questions

The second force, new world economy, raises emergence because businesses are now crossing borders and becoming more mobile†¦ Mom of them global. With resources moving around much more, the infrastructure needs to be updated to accommodate theses leaps. Additionally, policies and laws need to be overhauled to ensure that these organizations are playing fairly, paying the appropriate taxes, etc. 2. Why is the new world economy so radically deferent from the old world economy? The new world economy is an environment where Information and resources can Instantly span the globe with the touch of a button.The old world economy, by contrast, was a much slower place to conduct business. These days, much more work an be accomplished in the same amount of time. With computers to assist with calculations, data storage, sharing and transfer, as well as advancements in transportation, Including cars to get people to their destinations faster, trucks, planes and ships to transport goods, the new world economy moves at a much faster pace than was possible before. 3. What does Railcars mean by a crisis of complexity?Is our traditional reliance on reductionism science adequate for dealing with complexity? Explain. We have more data than before but less ways to use it. We wind up with less causal data allowing or cause and effect. As the world population grows and the new world economy adds more and more layers by way of technology advancements and globalization, the need for additional economic, social, political and environmental resources and regulations becomes more essential. 4. Describe the two big forces gap and why they are problematic.As the population grows and technology and economy evolves, we are more and more in need of solutions to the problems that we already have. The new world economy and populations keep advancing at alarming rates but the solutions to our robbers are moving along at a snail's pace. The gap between these two forces keeps widening more and more and without participation on a global scale, the problems will continue to get worse and worse. 5. What are the three new realities Influencing human Institutions? Tell how they are Influential.Hierarchy to Networks – In a hierarchy, there Is one individual making decisions. Information must be passed down through a chain of individuals, who all 1 OFF person on top is not the subject matter expert. Networks use a more flat method, where individuals or units can make decisions at lower levels, saving time and sources. The Struggling Nation State – The nation state is a structure where the political, environmental and economic systems are contained within a border. Nowadays, with globalization and migration, these lines are getting more and more blurred.Our economies are linked together and dependent upon one another, one country is taking all of the water and polluting what is left in another country and political structures are being redefined. What was once cont ained and very structured is now falling apart. A new kind of partnership – Where there was once a extinct separation between civil society, the private sector and the public sector, they are becoming more and more intertwined. Civil society has become more and more powerful with the advancement of technology and the ability to communicate instantly to other members and groups around the world.Often, group civil society have done extensive amounts of research and are subject matter experts, which are needed to solve some of these global issues. Many of these global issues cannot be solved without the cooperation of businesses and their incredible resources and massive global reach. Their innovation will be vital to getting some of these issues under control. Often times it is the interest of these companies, which moves us forward, not the interests of governments. 6. Which five of the twenty global issues Richard identifies do you think are most important? Explain your think ing.Page Education – Many underdeveloped countries are Just stuck in a rut, because they cannot get the simplest education, how washing your hand prevents the spread of bacteria or how to reduce the spread of HIVE. Simple methods could be taught on how to distribute water so that they can grow more food. Water Shortages – With arbitration becoming more popular, the need for fresh water becomes more and more off problem. Many areas are using the existing water supplies at unsustainable levels and when the water dries up, they will have a very serious problem on their hands.Commerce – The current laws were not written with commerce in mind. It did not exist then. With commerce growing at incredible rates and being conducted internationally, the laws must be rewritten to keep up with the times. Taxation – Along the same lines of commerce, as we become more global, equines is being conducted more and more across borders. Many companies and organizations are g etting away with not paying what is due. The tax code needs and overhaul with this problem considered.Intellectual Property Rights – The idea behind intellectual property rights is that if you innovate, you have the rights to that innovation and are protected from someone taking them from you. This encourages individuals and organizations to spend resources to come up with new ideas without fear of spending that investment for nothing because it was stolen. That is how things are here in the United States. Unfortunately, other countries do not recognize our intellectual property rights laws and steal other ideas which they spent resources to develop which then discourages concerns that require a global commitment or coalition to solve them?Many of these issues are too large for any one country to tackle and many of them are spilling over across borders. Many countries do not have the resources to get themselves out of the hole they are in and continue to deteriorate. Water ta ken in a country upstream deprives the country downstream of water. Pollution runs downstream and blows across borders. There are many methods which have helped developed countries get to where they are which can easily be shared to help underdeveloped countries get on their feet.Many of these problems must be dealt with from collaboration of many countries, developed and underdeveloped. 8. What are the shared characteristics that span global issues? They are planetary. Without a solution many of these issues will have drastic effects on our common future. They are urgent. The longer we wait, the more damage we do. In some cases, every year that goes by without finding solutions puts us seven years back. They are to expensive to solve in the overall scheme of things. Many of the world's problems could be solved with a small commitment of the overall GAP.They are tough. Someone has to give something up for others to gain and the interest of one's self almost always comes before the i nterests of others. None of these issues has been remedied by the current international setup. 9. Compare what Richard calls hierarchical world government with networked governance? Peggy Hierarchal Government is stacked and all decisions must go through one â€Å"leader†. Networked government is flat and each issue has â€Å"its own robber solving vehicle†, making it much more efficient. 10.What solutions other than global issues networks did Richard identify? Peggy One idea is using a 620 track. This would gather global leaders for each issue, Just as the current 620 gathers for financial issues. Another idea is a new diplomacy track and expanded concept of aid, which would assign expert diplomats who would deal directly with their foreign counterparts. This idea would also assign two budgets – one for country and one for global issues. It would also set up a global participation fund which would help developing countries participate in the global issues.

Degrade

Degrade Degrade Degrade By Maeve Maddox A reader has asked for a discussion of the verb degrade in the context of the latest fashionable phrase, â€Å"degrade and destroy.† It seems to be popping up everywhere. What would be a suitable replacement to mean, attack until it is destroyed? The phrase originated in the announcement that the US military plans to â€Å"degrade and destroy† the so-called Islamic State (ISIL). Like all catchy military coinages, such as â€Å"shock and awe,† the phrase has quickly caught on in other contexts: Can the U.S. Army Degrade and Destroy Ebola? [Rape] is used as a weapon to defile, degrade and destroy a survivors will and control over her/his own body. TV programmers have a basic, brutal philosophy: If you can help your lineup, great; but you must do everything in your power to degrade and destroy the competition. The new clichà © muddles the meaning of degrade as applied to people with degrade as applied to objects. As applied to human beings, the usual meanings of degrade are â€Å"to reduce in rank† or â€Å"to humiliate.† The verb derives from Latin degradare, â€Å"to lower in rank.† Here are examples of conventional usage: To lower in rank Following French military custom of the time Dreyfus was formally degraded by having the rank insignia, buttons and braid cut from his uniform and his sword broken, Dempsey publicly degraded and reprimanded Dooley, and Dooley received a negative Officer Evaluation Report. Three bishops were degraded and banished for adverse opinions. To humiliate A lawyer is forbidden to ask any question intended to degrade a witness or other person. Workplace bullying refers to repeated, unreasonable actions of individuals intended to intimidate, degrade, humiliate, or undermine others. Staff must never act in ways intended to shame, humiliate, belittle or degrade children. Scientific uses of degrade relate to things, not people: degrade (Geology): to wear down rocks, strata, cliffs, etc. by surface abrasion or disintegration. degrade (Biology): to reduce to a lower and less complex organic type. degrade (Physics): to reduce energy to a form less capable of transformation. In referring to people, even bad people, better choices are available to convey the idea of weakening an enemy before wiping them out. Here are a few: cripple debilitate disable enfeeble exhaust impair incapacitate undermine Unless one is writing about habitat, it’s probably best to avoid the expression â€Å"degrade and destroy.† Related post: Awe and Awesome Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Vocabulary category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Direct and Indirect ObjectsConfused Words #3: Lose, Loose, LossRunning Errands and Doing Chores

Perfect Crime Essays

Perfect Crime Essays Perfect Crime Essay Perfect Crime Essay Genre:Crime thiller Story draft: Two cops were deliberately challenged by an unknown figure to solve few crimes committed by him. Each of this crime leads to the identity of the villain. He wants the cops to admit that hes the perfect crimester. 1st crime:Bank robbery Using sonar technology(dark knight),villain gets the 3d map of the bank. On the day of the execution,2 masked mens glides from one roof to the banks roof. 1 of them heads to the ventilation and the other heads to the telephone and security alarm system of the bank. nd robber dis-alarms the security system and the other adds chloroform to the air ventilation system. After 10 minutes,2 robbers enters the bank and they lock up the front door indicating its close. All four of them rushes to the vault and starts drilling. Click. Vaults open as the four robbers rushes and starts filling the cash in a garbage bag. They rush to the back emergency door and place the garbage bags filled with money in the trash bin and runs away i n taxi. Moments later,police comes to the crime scene and starts to rush into the building. A garbage truck comes by and collects all the trash and leaves. 2nd crime:Gold bar heist While closing hours,the owner of a big jewelery shop was waiting for the arrival of huge amounts of gold bars illegally brought in from africa. The owner had the company of four call girls who was flirting with him. The owner receives a text message saying that the golds have arrived. He heads down to assist them to unload. Soon as the unloading finishes,the owner heads up stairs where the call girls were waiting for him. 1 of them seduces him and lays him on the bed while another girl gave him a pill claiming that it was a erection enhancement pill. The owner takes the pill and sleeps off. The girls head down and doing all the neccesary stuffs like shutting of the cameras and security alarms,filling all the gold bars in a bag and leaving the place within 15 minutes Hero arrives at the first crime scene analyzing the details. Heroin analyzes the second crime scene.

Ubasute yama - Learn from a Story

Ubasute yama - Learn from a Story Ubasute yama is one of the Japanese folktales. Uba means elderly woman and sute means to throw away or discard. Ubasute means abandoning an old woman. む㠁‹ã â€"〠Ã£â€šâ‚¬Ã£ â€¹Ã£ â€"〠Ã£â€š Ã£ Å'㠁 ¾Ã£  ¾Ã£  ªÃ£ Å Ã£  ¨Ã£  ®Ã¦ §ËœÃ£ Å'㠁„㠁 ¾Ã£ â€"㠁Ÿã€‚㠁 Ã£  ®Ã£ Å Ã£  ¨Ã£  ®Ã¦ §ËœÃ£  ¯Ã¥ ¹ ´Ã¥ ¯â€žÃ£â€šÅ Ã£ Å'Ã¥ ¤ §Ã¥ «Å'㠁„㠁 §Ã£ â€"㠁Ÿã€‚㠁‚ã‚‹æâ€" ¥Ã£â‚¬ Ã£  ¨Ã£  ®Ã¦ §ËœÃ£  ¯Ã£â‚¬ Ã¥ ® ¶Ã¦  ¥Ã£  «Ã¥â€º ½Ã¤ ¸ ­Ã£  «Ã§ «â€¹Ã£  ¦Ã¦Å" ­Ã£â€šâ€™Ã§ «â€¹Ã£  ¦Ã¦ â€˜Ã¤ º ºÃ£  «Ã£ â€œÃ£â€šâ€œÃ£  ªÃ£ â€œÃ£  ¨Ã£â€šâ€™Ã¥â€˜ ½Ã£ ËœÃ£  ¾Ã£ â€"㠁Ÿã€‚ã€Å'å… ­Ã¥  Ã£â€šâ€™Ã© Å½Ã£ Å½Ã£ Å¸Ã¥ ¹ ´Ã¥ ¯â€žÃ£â€šÅ Ã£  ¯Ã¥ ± ±Ã£  «Ã¦  ¨Ã£  ¦Ã£â€šâ€¹Ã£  ¹Ã£ â€"。å ¾â€œÃ£â€š Ã£  ªÃ£ â€žÃ¥ ® ¶Ã£  ¯Ã£  ¿Ã£  ªÃ£ â€Ã£â€š Ã£ â€"。〠Ã¨ ª °Ã£â€šâ€šÃ£ Å'〠Ã¥ ® ¶Ã¤ ¸ ­Ã£  ®Ã£â€šâ€šÃ£  ®Ã£ Å'æ ® ºÃ£ â€¢Ã£â€šÅ'る㠁 ®Ã£â€šâ€™Ã¦  Ã£â€šÅ'㠁 ¦Ã£â‚¬ Ã¤ »â€¢Ã¦â€" ¹Ã£  ªÃ£  Ã£  ¨Ã£  ®Ã¦ §ËœÃ£  ®Ã¥â€˜ ½Ã¤ » ¤Ã£  «Ã¥ ¾â€œÃ£ â€žÃ£  ¾Ã£ â€"㠁Ÿã€‚㠁•ã  ¦Ã£â‚¬ Ã£  Ã£  ®Ã¦ â€ ˜Ã£  §Ã¥ ¹ ´Ã¨â‚¬ Ã£ â€žÃ£ Å¸Ã¦ ¯ Ã¨ ¦ ªÃ£â€šâ€™Ã£ â€¹Ã£ â€¹Ã£ Ë†Ã£ Å¸Ã¨â€¹ ¥Ã¨â‚¬â€¦Ã£ 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sugita toshiyori wa yama ni suteru beshi. Shitagawanai ie wa mina goroshi.Daremo ga, iejuu no mono ga korosareru no o osorete, shikatanaku tonosama nno meirei ni shitagaimashita.Sate, sono mura de toshioita hahaoya o kakaeta wakamono ga ori,Musuko yo. Watashi wa rokujuu desu, Yama ni sutete okure.Okaasan. Sonna hidoi koto wa dekimasen.Tonari no ie no obaasan mo, mae no ie no ojiisan mo, mou yama ni suteraremashita. Nayamanakutemo ii desu yo.Wakamono wa, shibushibu hahaoya o senaka ni seou to, yama o noborimashita ga, yahari haha o yama ni okizarini suru koto wa dekizu, hahaoya o seotte, yoru kossori ie ni modori, soshite, ura no naya ni kakushimashita. Suujitsu tatta hi no koto, tonosama wa, murabito ni hai no nawa o tsukuru you meijimashita.Okaasan. Otonosama ga hai no nawa o tsukure to no koto desu. Yattemimashita ga dekimasen. Daremo dekinai to, nengu ga takaku narimasu.Musuko yo. Sore wa kantan desu yo. Oshiete agemashou.Musuko wa, iwareta toori, waranawa no wa o tsukuru to, sore o shiomizu no naka ni ire, kawakashite moyashi, dekita hai no nawa o shinchou ni tonosama no tokoro ni motte ikimashita. Onushi, nakanaka yaru na. Yokarou. Soredewa, mou sukoshi muzukashii mondai o dasou. Kore wa ippon no bou de aru. Dochira ga ne no hou de, dochira ga eda no hou ka, ichiryoujitsu ni, hakkiri sasenasai.Wakamono wa, bou o ie ni mochikaerimashita ga, tohouni kure, haha ni tazunemashita.Kantan desu yo. Mizu no haitta oke o motte kinasai.Musuko wa oke o youi shi, bou o mizu no naka ni iremashita.Mite goran. Shita ni aru hou ga nekko de, uita hou ga eda desu yo.Wakamono wa tonosama no mae de, kotae o iimashita. Yaru na. Soredewa ichiban muzukashii mondai o dasou. Tatakanakutemo oto ga deru taiko o tsukutte kinasai.Wakamono wa massaona kao o shite taiko o kakaete ie ni modoru to, haha ni tasuke o motomemashita.Totemo kantan desu yo. Yama de hachi o suuhiki tsukamaete kinasai.Hahaoya wa, sukoshi taiko no kawa o yurumeru to, hachi o sono naka ni ire, mata kawa o shimemashita. Taiko ga oto o tatehajimemashita.Wakamono wa oto no suru taiko o tonosama ni watashimashita.Maitta. Sochi wa hitori de mittsu no nandai o toita no ka.Otonosama, jitsu o moushimasu to, mondai o toita nowa, watashi dewa naku, hahaoya desu. Otonosama wa, toshiyori o yama ni suteru you meijimashita. Demo watashi wa, sonoyouna zankokuna koto wa dekimasendeshita. Haha o naya ni kakushimashita. Toshiyori wa karada wa yoyaku natte mo, wakai mono yori monoshiri desu.Tonosama wa shibaraku kangaete,Sono toori dana. Washi ga machigatteita. Mou toshiyori o yama ni suteru nowa yosou.Sorekara sono kuni wa otoshiyori o taisetsuni suru ku ni ni narimashita. Vocabulary mukashi mukashi 昔々 - once upon a timewagamama ã‚ Ã£ Å'㠁 ¾Ã£  ¾ - selfishtoshiyori Ã¥ ¹ ´Ã£â€šË†Ã£â€šÅ  - an old persondaikirai Ã¥ ¤ §Ã¥ «Å'㠁„ - to hatearu hi 㠁‚ã‚‹æâ€" ¥ - one daykerai Ã¥ ® ¶Ã¦  ¥ a followertatefuda ç «â€¹Ã¦Å" ­ - a signmurabito æ â€˜Ã¤ º º - a villagermeijiru å‘ ½Ã£ ËœÃ£â€šâ€¹ - to orderyama Ã¥ ± ± - a mountainsuteru æ  ¨Ã£  ¦Ã£â€šâ€¹ - to throw awayshitagau Ã¥ ¾â€œÃ£ â€  - to followkorosu æ ® ºÃ£ â„¢ - to killosoreru æ  Ã£â€šÅ'ã‚‹ - to get scaredshikatanaku ä »â€¢Ã¦â€" ¹Ã£  ªÃ£   - reluctantly; unwillinglywakamono è‹ ¥Ã¨â‚¬â€¦ - the youthmusuko æ  ¯Ã¥ ­  - a sonokaasan 㠁Šæ ¯ Ã£ â€¢Ã£â€šâ€œ - a motherhidoi 㠁 ²Ã£  ©Ã£ â€ž - terribletonari 㠁 ¨Ã£  ªÃ£â€šÅ  - the house next doorobaasan 㠁Šã  °Ã£ â€šÃ£ â€¢Ã£â€šâ€œ - an old womanojiisan 㠁Šã ËœÃ£ â€žÃ£ â€¢Ã£â€šâ€œ - an old mannayamu æ‚ ©Ã£â€šâ‚¬ - to be worried; to be distressedshibu shibu 㠁â€"㠁 ¶Ã£ â€"㠁 ¶ - r eluctantlysenaka èÆ'Å'ä ¸ ­ - a backseou èÆ'Å'è ²  Ã£ â€  - to carrynoboru ç™ »Ã£â€šâ€¹ - to climbyahari や㠁 ¯Ã£â€šÅ  - as expectedokizari ç ½ ®Ã£  Ã¥Å½ »Ã£â€šÅ  - leave; desertyoru Ã¥ ¤Å" - a nightkossori 㠁“㠁 £Ã£  Ã£â€šÅ  - secretlyura è £  - backnaya ç ´ Ã¥ ±â€¹ - a shedkakusu éš  Ã£ â„¢ - to hidesuujitsu æ• °Ã¦â€" ¥ -   several dayshai ç  ° - ashnawa ç ¸â€ž - a ropetsukuru 㠁 ¤Ã£  Ã£â€šâ€¹ - to makeneijiru 㠁 ­Ã£ ËœÃ£â€šâ€¹ - to twistnengu Ã¥ ¹ ´Ã¨ ² ¢ - a tributetakai é «ËœÃ£ â€ž - expensivekantan ç ° ¡Ã¥ Ëœ - easyoshieru 教㠁ˆã‚‹ - to teachwa è ¼ ª - a ringshiomizu Ã¥ ¡ ©Ã¦ ° ´ - salt waterkawakasu ä ¹ ¾Ã£ â€¹Ã£ â„¢ - to drymoyasu ç‡Æ'や㠁™ - to burnshinchou æ…Žé‡  - carefullymou sukoshi も㠁†å °â€˜Ã£ â€" - a little moremuzukashii é› £Ã£ â€"㠁„ - difficultmondai å• Ã© ¡Å' - a problemippon ä ¸â‚¬Ã¦Å" ¬ - onebou æ £â€™ - a stickne æ   ¹ - a rooteda æž  - a branchhakkiri 㠁 ¯Ã£  £Ã£  Ã£â€šÅ  - clearlyie Ã¥ ® ¶ - hometohou ni kureru 途æâ€" ¹Ã£  «Ã¦Å¡ ®Ã£â€šÅ'ã‚‹ - to be at a losstazuneru Ã¥ °â€¹Ã£  ­Ã£â€šâ€¹ - to askoke æ ¡ ¶ - a pailyoui suru ç” ¨Ã¦â€ž Ã£ â„¢Ã£â€šâ€¹ - to prepareichiban ä ¸â‚¬Ã§â€¢ ª - the firsttataku 㠁Ÿã Å¸Ã£   - to hitoto éŸ ³ -   noisetaiko Ã¥ ¤ ªÃ© ¼â€œ - a drummassao çÅ"Ÿã  £Ã© â€™ - palekakaeru æŠ ±Ã£ Ë†Ã£â€šâ€¹ - to holdyurumeru ç · ©Ã£â€š Ã£â€šâ€¹ - to loosenshimeru ç ·  Ã£â€š Ã£â€šâ€¹ - to fastennandai é› £Ã© ¡Å' - a difficult problemzankoku æ ®â€¹Ã©â€¦ · - cruelmonoshiri ç‰ ©Ã§Å¸ ¥Ã£â€šÅ  - a knowledgeable personmachigau éâ€"“é â€¢Ã£ â€  - to make a mistaketaisetsu Ã¥ ¤ §Ã¥Ë†â€¡ - importantkuni å› ½ - a country Grammar (1) Prefix Ma Ma çÅ"Ÿ is a prefix to emphasize the noun that comes after ma.makka çÅ"Ÿã  £Ã¨ µ ¤ - bright redmasshiro çÅ"Ÿã  £Ã§â„¢ ½ - pure whitemassao çÅ"Ÿã  £Ã© â€™ - deep bluemakkuro çÅ"Ÿã  £Ã© »â€™ - black as inkmanatsu çÅ"Ÿå ¤  - the middle of summermassaki çÅ"Ÿã  £Ã¥â€¦Ë† - at the very firstmakkura çÅ"Ÿã  £Ã¦Å¡â€" - pitch-darkmapputatsu çÅ"Ÿã  £Ã¤ ºÅ'㠁 ¤ - right in two (2) Counters Every language has a different way of counting objects; the Japanese use counters. They are similar to English expressions such as a cup of ~, a sheet of ~ and so on. There are a variety of counters, often based on the shape of the object. Counters are attached directly to a number (e.g. ni-hai, san-mai). Following the next couple of paragraphs, I have included counters for the following categories: objects, duration, animals, frequency, order, people and others. Objects When combining a number with a counter, the pronunciation of the number or the counter might change. Click the link for each counter to learn about the phonetic change. hon æÅ" ¬ - Long, cylindrical objects: trees, pens, etc. mai æžš - Flat, thin objects: paper, stamps, dishes, etc. ko 個 - Broad category of small and compact objects hai æ  ¯ - Liquid in cups, glasses, bowls, etc. satsu 冊 - Bound objects: books, magazines, etc. dai Ã¥  ° - Vehicles, machines etc. kai 階 - The floor of a building ken ä » ¶ - Houses, buildings soku è ¶ ³ - Pairs of footwear: sock, shoes, etc. tsuu 通 - Letters Click here to learn the Japanese Counting Song Ippon demo Ninjin.

Socrates Trial and Death Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Socrates Trial and Death - Essay Example In this paper, investigation will be done on some events leading to his trial and death. The discussion will be based on a martyr and an anti-democratic interpretation. The dialog on apology starts on a rather ironical manner. It is not an apology in the real sense but a conversation between Socrates and the jury during his trial. He had been blamed of not recognizing the gods recognized by the state, in addition to invention of new deities and corruption of the youths of Athens. In this scenario, he sacrifices himself to be tried for the sake of the State of Athens, which he believes is rotten with bad practices of worshiped unworthy gods. In his trial, he pays less respect to the formalities of a court, and goes to an extent of proclaiming that since he is inexperienced with the law courts, he will speak in a manner accustomed to him. He promises to speak with total honesty and directness. In an attempt to prove his innocence, he claims that he is the wisest man, after which he recognizes his ignorance and corrects himself by stating that he knows nothing. He is ready to take any verdict, believing that it will seal his fate as the person who tri ed to question and correct the seemingly wise men. The youths consider him a hero who deserves nothing else but the authority to continue with his role of correcting the state. His accusers, Meletus and the other people he embarrassed, treated him with hatred and anger. They are determined to see him silenced forever. In his dialog with Meletus, he tries to embarrass him. Socrates feels very important and likens himself to a gadfly which stings the lazy horse, the Athenian state. His death would be a sacrifice just like a martyr who dies to save the rest of the humankind. He threatens the state that in case it sentences him to death; it will fall into a deep sleep. The death penalty seals his fate, despite his request to pay a fine instead. Just like a martyr, he fearlessly agrees

Discussion Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 49

Discussion - Essay Example An accountant must consider the unique aspects of the two classifications in order to capture all the expenses and revenues in order to enhance the accuracy of the balance sheets among other financial documents in an organization. Adjusting entries is an important undertaking in bookkeeping since it helps document every event that takes place in the organization. They help consolidate the accounts balances and bring them to the last day of the financial period. Such is a vital undertaking that helps in reconciling the financial books. Additionally, adjusting entries helps record the cost of doing business. Through adjusting entries, the financial records will show the activities that occurred instead of the transfer of money. This helps present the activities associated with doing business since they influence the cost of doing business in an economy (Warren, James and Jonathan 67). Such accounts as Accounts receivable and the income account are always adjusted depending on the movement of money in the business. Such are the adjusted entries since the movement of money in the company influences their outlook. Unadjusted entries, on the other hand, refer to money that remains unchanged despite the movement of money in the financial period. Such accounts as starting capital inherited from the closing accounts. The amount remains unchanged by the movement of money in the fiscal period. Adjusting entries is a hectic process that requires an accountant to pay close attention to the movement of money in a business. The fact that the process occurs at the end of a financial period makes it confusing and difficult since an account must refer to all the financial books within the period in order to understand the movement of cash. This makes the process hectic. While the relationship between debit and credit is natural, it remains difficult to identify the accounts to either

Father-in-Law and D-Day Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Father-in-Law and D-Day - Essay Example He signed up and volunteered to be trained as a paratrooper, following the footsteps of his older brother George, who was already in the Army and was fighting with the 502nd Parachute Infantry Regiment of the 101st Airborne Division. In August 1941, Chic registered at Fort Devins, Massachusetts and being newly-married and an expert meat cutter, he was told that he would be given consideration to work as a Staff Sergeant at a meat cutting plant in Chicago, preparing meat for the troops. Chic would not have anything of it. So the Army sent him to train as a paratrooper at Camp Taccoa, Georgia. Chic, chuckling during the interview, said that it used to be called Camp Tombs because the camp's site used to be a casket factory. Since he spoke French, was good at photography because of his father, could read maps and the compass very well, and had a good sense of direction, Chic was assigned to work in military intelligence and was trained to be a paratrooper who would be dropped behind enemy lines from a plane so they could check on the enemy, sabotage their transport and communication lines, and give information to American troops on where the enemy was holed up. It was dangerous stuff because these paratroopers would always be the first ones to fight the enemy so they could keep safe those who would come later during the attack (Encarta). From September to October 1941, the training at Camp Tombs turned Chic and thousands of other recruits into hardened young soldiers, preparing them for the tough years ahead. Then off they went to the Parachute School at Fort Benning, Georgia for more training, this time as paratroopers. Chic learned to jump from high altitudes, and shortly before coming home for the Christmas holidays in 1941, he earned his wings (paratroopers who complete their training get a set of golden wings that they proudly display on their uniforms) after his fifth training jump from an airplane thousands of feet up in the sky. The first two jumps were pretty scary, but Chic got the hang of it and found it pretty exciting that he got his wings ahead of the others in his group. In 1942, Chic underwent more paratrooper and combat training Camp McCall in North Carolina, where they practiced landing behind enemy lines, engaging in dangerous maneuvers, and jumping some more from planes. It was perhaps this long training program that kept Chic alive when he finally saw action, although some of his friends who trained with him never survived the war, and some survived but were seriously wounded. Anyway, during the whole time he underwent training, Chic and Lorraine, his wife of less than a year, lived in their own quarters just outside the camp, like other married soldiers did, and this may have been Chic's secret to learning the art of staying alive in the midst of danger. Having someone to come home to somehow sharpens a man's sense of danger and survival, and this made him sensitive to what goes on around him, preventing him from becoming careless (Ambrose). In 1943, Chic was

Business Ethics In an Organisation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Business Ethics In an Organisation - Essay Example TCF has to its credit more than 330 schools to date and it plans to build a total of 1000 schools before it decides to go on the support mode – meaning whereby it would just look after the schools already built and not construct any further. TCF schools are a mark of quality and dedication – built from strength to strength of the organizational employees, its varied stakeholders and the innumerable donors who have done more than they could in such a short period of time. For TCF to remain committed to its cause of providing state of the art and free education there is a dire need to comprehend the fact that TCF remains ethically correct in all its actions, behaviors and talks. For this, there are several departments working within its realms which take care of these facets from time to time. In fact the vision is set on a very proactive level within the lengths and breadths of TCF itself. TCF provides complete financial details and break up of the tasks to it donors on a periodic basis and makes sure that the donors remain on board with the ethical domains of the organization at all times. There is a separate department that looks at the way these donors are managed. It is known as the Resource Mobilization department which essentially takes care of the donors and the resources that are mobilized through them towards the schools that they build in either their own name or of their company’s. Coming to the quarters of understanding the ethical undertakings within the business realms of TCF itself, one finds that TCF has long adhered to the principle of being transparent to all its stakeholders and thus the fact that its annual reports, financial ledgers and other similar resources are shared not only within the organization itself but also with the stakeholders and the general public at large. What this does is to have a proper one-on-one interaction with the people who want to donate just about anything under the banner of

Why starting a franchise is better than starting a new business Essay

Why starting a franchise is better than starting a new business - Essay Example As a matter of fact, there is a vast array of different available alternatives and opportunities such that it is often difficult to decide on the best plan to follow. After choosing the best path, one would require help starting the business, hence the need to appreciate the differences between starting a business and franchising opportunities, as well as choosing which plan is the most applicable (Bradach 99). Although franchising is similar to starting one’s own business in various aspects, these business initiatives are inherently quite dissimilar. This paper will examine the reasons why it is better to start a franchise rather than a new business. Broadly speaking, franchising refers to the means of operating a commercial operation through the use of certain elements or aspects of other businesses, for instance, its products, brand and name. Previously, this entailed licensing agreements where business operators had the right to sell certain products in certain markers, di stribution deals that work on the same basis or other form of agency agreement in which one runs part of a greater business. However, today, franchising refers to the granting of licenses to trade under similar names as the parent companies and to make use of all or most of the aspects, which make these businesses successful to enable one’s venture to strive. ... Such support, however, runs for the duration of the franchise agreement. The contract entails the franchisee agreeing to pay the franchisor for the privilege to use such support and business tools. In most instances, such payment is made upfront although the franchisee has to pay numerous staged payments as the business develops (Libava 81). However, it is evident that certain franchise agreements stipulate that franchisees have to make additional payments if the business grows to be exceedingly successful, but, in most cases, this amount is a regular flat rate. Although in most cases the startup cost of starting a franchise is quite large, this cost is substantially lower than the cost of starting the same business from scratch. Some of the most notable franchises include, among others, Subway, Hampton Hotels, 7-Eleven Inc, Anytime Fitness, Supercuts and McDonald’s and Pizza Hut Inc. These businesses are quite profitable and their brands are widely acclaimed all over the worl d. Starting such a business from scratch can cost quite a lot. However, franchising allows business owners to pay low costs in order to start these businesses. For instance, in order to start franchises such as McDonald’s, one only requires between $1.07 million and $1.89 million, to start a Subway franchise one needs between $85,200 and $260,350. On the other hand, in order to start a Hampton Hotel franchise, one must pay the franchisor between $3.7 million and $13.52 million. These figures go to show that starting a franchise is way cheaper than establishing such a massive company. Perhaps one of the most attractive aspects of franchising is the reduction of risk. The business is not essentially a new

Business Ethics In an Organisation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Business Ethics In an Organisation - Essay Example TCF has to its credit more than 330 schools to date and it plans to build a total of 1000 schools before it decides to go on the support mode – meaning whereby it would just look after the schools already built and not construct any further. TCF schools are a mark of quality and dedication – built from strength to strength of the organizational employees, its varied stakeholders and the innumerable donors who have done more than they could in such a short period of time. For TCF to remain committed to its cause of providing state of the art and free education there is a dire need to comprehend the fact that TCF remains ethically correct in all its actions, behaviors and talks. For this, there are several departments working within its realms which take care of these facets from time to time. In fact the vision is set on a very proactive level within the lengths and breadths of TCF itself. TCF provides complete financial details and break up of the tasks to it donors on a periodic basis and makes sure that the donors remain on board with the ethical domains of the organization at all times. There is a separate department that looks at the way these donors are managed. It is known as the Resource Mobilization department which essentially takes care of the donors and the resources that are mobilized through them towards the schools that they build in either their own name or of their company’s. Coming to the quarters of understanding the ethical undertakings within the business realms of TCF itself, one finds that TCF has long adhered to the principle of being transparent to all its stakeholders and thus the fact that its annual reports, financial ledgers and other similar resources are shared not only within the organization itself but also with the stakeholders and the general public at large. What this does is to have a proper one-on-one interaction with the people who want to donate just about anything under the banner of

Kandariya Mahadeva Temple Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Kandariya Mahadeva Temple - Essay Example The major subject of the art work is the sexuality and growth of the Indian women. The sculptures are designed stylistically to show the growth in women and to represent their beauty. The erotic sculptures also show the passionate interactions between humans along with changes that occur in human bodies. The artwork also represents the cultural influence of the Indians by using ornaments on the sculptures thus, showing how Indian women value ornaments. The artwork also applies religious styles by positioning the erotic sculptures in such a way that they appease evil spirits. Stylistic influences used in the sculptures include the use of good positioning and use of imagery. The artwork has applied imagery in the sculptures by using symbolism where different meanings can be derived from each of the sculptures. The religious style has a significant influence on the art since; it determines the major positioning of the erotic sculptures. This is a portrait which was done by anonymous cou rt artists during the Kangxi period, which was around the year 1662-1795. The portrait mainly represents one of the royal rulers of the Qing Dynasty. The medium used is mainly paint and silk, with paint being made on the silk. The subject matter of the artwork is mainly to convey messages about the countries strong dynasties and the religious views. Thus, a lot of symbolism has been used in the artwork to convey different messages. Thus, from the colors used and the pattern of art, different meanings. can be derived from the artifact (Kleiner, 43). The major cultural context of the relic is the glorification of the Chinese art and to uphold their religion and the political ideologies. The artwork is also symbolic and metaphoric in producing its message. For instance; the colors used on the robes are bright signifying the peace in the dynasty of the emperor. In addition, the artwork also embraces the use of different patterns

Swallowing and Prediction of Dysphagia Severity Essay Example for Free

Swallowing and Prediction of Dysphagia Severity Essay Introduction: Daniels, McAdam, Brailey, and Foundas (1997) reviewed literature from Linden, Kuhlemeier, and Patterson (1993) and examined signs of aspiration, but specifically six risk factors, including dysphonia, dysarthria, abnormal gag reflex, abnormal volitional cough, voice change after swallow, and cough after swallow. They then designed their study in an attempt to link the six signs of aspiration to the diagnosis and severity of dysphagia. The purpose of the study was to determine whether the six risk factors approximated the VSS in identification of dysphagia severity (Daniels et al. , 1997). It was hypothesized that the presence of any one factor could predict at least mild dysphagia or normal swallowing on a video fluoroscopic swallow study (VSS) and that two factors could predict moderate dysphagia. Methods (Procedures): Fifty-nine male veterans, ages 41-88, with recent neurological deficits were recruited for the study and had one of the following issues: unilateral left hemispheric damage (22 men), bilateral hemispheric damage (18 men), and bilateral hemispheric damage (13 men), or brainstem lesions (6 men). The men were assessed by a neurologist using CT or MRI scans upon admission to view and localize lesions. They were then rescanned 2 weeks later if the initial scans yielded negative results. Excluded from the study were agitated patients and patients with a history of disorders and diseases other than stroke that would cause dysphagia. Within 5 days of admission, the men were given an oropharyngeal exam of gag reflex, volitional cough, speech, and voice. A video fluoroscopic assessment was also given that consisted of 3,5,10, and 20 ml, and  ½ tsp of barium paste along with half of a cookie to be swallowed. A swallow study was also performed by administering 5 ml of liquid, and then giving 10 and 20 ml volumes, which were administered twice each, unless the patients immediately had a negative reaction such as a cough. After each swallow, the men phonated â€Å"ah† to see if there was a change in vocal quality. Results: The VSS served as the outcome variable in determining dysphagia severity, which ranged from mild dysphagia to normal swallowing (scores 0-1; 1 if two or more of the six risk factors were present and 0 if one or less were present) to moderate to severe dysphagia (scores 2-4). The reliability for the scores was 92%. 74% of the 59 patients had varying dysphagia severity, while 5.1% had severe dysphagia. 13.6% had moderate to severe dysphagia along with aspiration, while 25.4% had moderate dysphagia, and 25.4% had normal swallowing. 47% had dysphonia, 63% had dysarthria, 27% had abnormal volitional cough, 42% had abnormal gag reflex, 41% had a cough after swallow, and 19% had voice change after swallow (Daniels et al., 1997). Discussion/Conclusion: The results of this study demonstrated that this clinical assessment has utility in the evaluation of acute stroke patients with probable dysphagia who may be at risk for the development of aspiration (Daniels et al., 1997). Also discussed was the fact that this assessment does not account for silent aspiration. In conclusion, early detection of aspiration by using this short assessment can reduce aspiration and pneumonia in patients if addressed early in their hospital stay. Commentary: This article provides helpful information for clinicians practicing in a medical setting. The article includes a flow chart to help determine which patients require further evaluation. Ill and physically challenged patients can avoid the physical distress of unnecessary testing with a proper bedside evaluation, and moderate to severe respiration can be caught early to prevent pneumonia. This study was performed in 1997, and clinicians are still using this method today, proving its reliability in early detection of aspiration.

Theme Of Facade In The Harlem Dancer English Literature Essay

Theme Of Facade In The Harlem Dancer English Literature Essay Masks mean many different things to many people. They are used at parties, ceremonies, rituals, sports, and so many other things. Most people eventually take masks off, revealing who they really are. However, some people put masks on to conceal who they really are, shielding them from the world. The poems The Emperor of Ice Cream by Wallace Stevens and The Harlem Dancer by Claude McKay both demonstrate the theme of faà §ade in different ways. The women depicted in the poems are completely different, however they both felt as if they needed to use a mask to go on with their lives in society. The Emperor of Ice Cream by Wallace Stevens portrays a woman who has passed away and the wake that is held for her. It is implied that she is nothing but a common woman who had no real achievements in her life. Her social status is revealed in the second stanza: Take from the dresser of deal, Lacking the three glass knobs, that sheet On which she embroidered fantails once And spread it so as to cover her face If her horny feet protrude, they come To show how cold she is, and dumb. It can be understood from reading that her dresser is lacking the three glass knobs that the dresser is old and possibly falling apart, implying that this woman does not have the money to afford a new one. The sheet that was placed over her body also came from atop of the dresser. She had also embroidered fantails once. When someone does not have a lot of money, it makes them thrifty. She must have embroidered the birds onto the sheet to make it look nicer. Making herself appear to have more wealth and status seems like something she did often. However, when her horny feet are revealed her masquerade is over. Her callused feet reveal that she has had hardship and has done a lot of hard work in her life to just survive. The size of the sheet that covers her is also very telling. The fact that the sheet was not large enough to cover her entire body reveals that she was not quite what she let people think she was. It is as if the sheet covered the part of her that she showed to the worl d and in her passing revealed the part of her that she really was. Her death has finally revealed that she was just an ordinary woman who tried to make her life seem better by tweaking a few things to live her faà §ade. The first part of the poem is also very telling about how the people who knew her perceive her now as she lays deceased in her bedroom. Let the wenches dawdle in such dress As they are used to wear, and let the boys Bring flowers in last months newspapers. Let be be the finale of seem. The people that are attending her wake seem to be dressed in ordinary clothing. They seem unbothered by the fact that they are at a wake of a woman that they possibly know. They are in such dress as they are used to wear which means that this event is not of major importance to them. The boys also brought flowers that are wrapped in last months newspapers. The womans wake was not even important enough for them to wrap the flowers in something nicer than last months newspapers. Both the girls and the boys who attended her wake did not think it was important enough to do anything special. The most telling line of the first stanza is, Let be be the finale of seem. The finale of seem represents the finality of the mask of what the woman wanted people to perceive when they looked at her. The line is saying that it is time to let fall the mask that the woman put on for a large portion of her life. This line alone sums up the theme of faà §ade in this poem. The faà §ade that this woman has worked so hard to maintain is lifted and even as she is dead, she is left pathetic and in her true form. The people who knew her used her death as an occasion to eat ice cream, to relieve some of their own troubles. Another poem that explores the theme of faà §ade is the poem The Harlem Dancer by Claude McKay. This poem is in the form of a sonnet, unlike the other poem which was free verse except a rhyming couplet at the end of each stanza. This poem captures what life was like for an African American woman during the 1920s. Being a woman in the 1920s was hard enough. When this poem was written women were given the right to vote two years prior, so tensions were still high. To add to the tension, an African American woman would have been given a harder time. Although no longer slaves, the tension between whites and African Americans still existed and would continue to exist until the Civil Rights Movement. This is the time that Claude McKay lived in. McKay used his experiences as a Harlem Renaissance writer to depict what an African American woman during the 1920s might have done in order to get by. The mask that the woman wears in The Harlem Dancer is much different than the mask the woman wears in The Emperor of Ice Cream. The mask the woman uses in The Harlem Dancer is used to protect her and save what little dignity she has left. Devoured her shape with eager, passionate gaze; But looking at her falsely-smiling face, I knew her self was not in that strange place. The woman in this poem is not being herself as she dances for the people throwing money at her. She had taken herself completely away mentally from the situation she is presently in and has put herself somewhere more comforting. She put on a mask to protect herself, instead of trying to make herself appear better than she really is. She uses her mask as a shield, making sure that no one will ever be able to get to the shred of pride and dignity in herself that she has left. It is obvious that this woman does not like dancing for money for these people that treat her terribly and ridicule her. It can be said that this is one of the few things that she is able to do to make ends meet. In order to support herself and possibly others, this is probably the profession that is the most lucrative for her during this time. The sad part of this is that she is not even earning much money. This is revealed in the line, Luxuriant fell; and tossing coins in praise. She is only earning petty coins and nothing of real monetary value that could be of use to her. Another part of the poem is also very telling about how resilient this woman is because of how she maintains her faà §ade. She sang and danced on gracefully and calm, The light gauze hanging loose about her form; To me she seemed a proudly-swaying palm Grown lovelier for passing through a storm. The woman seems to be weathered and has also gone through hardship much like the woman in the first poem. She has gone through things that have made her stronger in mind and body. It seems that because she has gone through such hardship, it has made her even more beautiful than she was. What has helped this woman become so strong and able to get through the tough times is that she can separate herself from the profession that she has to do any her actual self. It is akin to a victim of a murder or a rape that as it is happening, they block it out and put themselves somewhere else in their mind so they can get through the terrible experience. This woman is putting her mask on once again to get through her degrading job so she can support herself and possibly others. Her strength gives way to the hope that she will be able to stop dancing and be successful. The faà §ade presented in the poem The Emperor of Ice Cream has more to do with concealing and hiding away what the woman really was from the rest of the world. Her mask was like a security blanket, making sure that no one would ever see that she was just an ordinary woman with nothing to show of her existence. However, the faà §ade in the second poem The Harlem Dancer is more like a defense-mechanism. The woman in the second poem puts on the faà §ade to protect her dignity and to also transport herself away from the trauma. This faà §ade is used as a necessity whereas the faà §ade used in the first poem was a matter of pride for the woman. The women in both poems have seen many hardships and both struggle to survive in the world. They try to better themselves in hopes of living happily. The woman in the first poem hoped that the mask she put on would someday be who she really was. The woman in the second poem hoped that she would not have to wear a mask any longer. By using a f aà §ade, both women hid their true selves from the world.

Test Ethics Essay -- Beneficence, Nonmaleficence

Exam Part B Beneficence versus Nonmaleficence The two principles in focus are beneficence and nonmaleficence. Nonmaleficence is often paired with beneficence however there is a difference between these two principles (Rich, 2008). According to Beauchamp & Childress (2009) conflating beneficence and nonmaleficence into a single principle obscures important distinctions. In addition, both of these ethical principles beneficence and nonmaleficence are strengthened by state nursing practice acts, which mandate that nurses are legally obligated to safeguard patients and the profession (Bjarnason & LaSala, 2011). We will discuss both beneficence and nonmalficence principles and how they are both important to the nursing profession. The principle of beneficence is concerned with a moral obligation to act for the benefits of others (Kennedy, 2004). Additionally, beneficence is the principle consisting of deeds such as mercy, kindness, and charity (Rich, 2008). There are other forms of beneficence including altruism, love, and humanity (Beauchamp & Childress, 2009). We use beneficence in order to cover beneficent actions more broadly, so that it includes all forms of action to benefit other persons (Beauchamp & Childress, 2009). Overall, beneficence implies that an individual takes action to do good by benefiting others and facilitating their well-being. Beneficence also requires that benefits are balanced against risks and costs (Kennedy, 2004). In order for a person to â€Å"do good†, they must also consider the values of individual in question (Bjarnason & LaSala, 2011). Health care professionals have a duty to exercise beneficence towards their patients. Nurses have a more stringent obligation to act according to the benefi... ...ay arise between health care professionals, nurses, and the patient and family. Most often, when an ethical dilemma occurs, nurses most make a choice between the two equally unfavorable alternatives. An example of an ethical dilemma would be a client who refuses to take their blood pressure medication however based on autonomy they have the right to. The nurse may not be able to follow the principles of beneficence and autonomy at the same time because respecting patient autonomy means the nurse is not able to fulfill the obligation to â€Å"do good† for the patient. However, in this case, if the patient was competent the principle of autonomy would take priority. Abortion is another example of an ethical dilemma faced in the medical profession. For instance, some doctors are against abortion, yet there are certain others who have no problem at all doing it. â€Æ' Test Ethics Essay -- Beneficence, Nonmaleficence Exam Part B Beneficence versus Nonmaleficence The two principles in focus are beneficence and nonmaleficence. Nonmaleficence is often paired with beneficence however there is a difference between these two principles (Rich, 2008). According to Beauchamp & Childress (2009) conflating beneficence and nonmaleficence into a single principle obscures important distinctions. In addition, both of these ethical principles beneficence and nonmaleficence are strengthened by state nursing practice acts, which mandate that nurses are legally obligated to safeguard patients and the profession (Bjarnason & LaSala, 2011). We will discuss both beneficence and nonmalficence principles and how they are both important to the nursing profession. The principle of beneficence is concerned with a moral obligation to act for the benefits of others (Kennedy, 2004). Additionally, beneficence is the principle consisting of deeds such as mercy, kindness, and charity (Rich, 2008). There are other forms of beneficence including altruism, love, and humanity (Beauchamp & Childress, 2009). We use beneficence in order to cover beneficent actions more broadly, so that it includes all forms of action to benefit other persons (Beauchamp & Childress, 2009). Overall, beneficence implies that an individual takes action to do good by benefiting others and facilitating their well-being. Beneficence also requires that benefits are balanced against risks and costs (Kennedy, 2004). In order for a person to â€Å"do good†, they must also consider the values of individual in question (Bjarnason & LaSala, 2011). Health care professionals have a duty to exercise beneficence towards their patients. Nurses have a more stringent obligation to act according to the benefi... ...ay arise between health care professionals, nurses, and the patient and family. Most often, when an ethical dilemma occurs, nurses most make a choice between the two equally unfavorable alternatives. An example of an ethical dilemma would be a client who refuses to take their blood pressure medication however based on autonomy they have the right to. The nurse may not be able to follow the principles of beneficence and autonomy at the same time because respecting patient autonomy means the nurse is not able to fulfill the obligation to â€Å"do good† for the patient. However, in this case, if the patient was competent the principle of autonomy would take priority. Abortion is another example of an ethical dilemma faced in the medical profession. For instance, some doctors are against abortion, yet there are certain others who have no problem at all doing it. â€Æ'

Plato, Love and Philosophy Essay

Love, in its narrowest and widest meaning and discussion became the most central element of one of the most discussed and merited dialogue of Plato, the Symposium. In the said dialogue, the characters including Phaedrus, Aristhopanes, Agathon, Eryximachus, Alicibiades and Aristodemus together with Socrates had expressed their judgment, analysis and opinions on the nature of love. As the usual trend on all Plato’s dialogue, the earlier speakers had expressed their own speech about the subject (i. e. Love or the nature of love). Later on, they shall be examined by Socrates himself using his own method (i. e. Socratic Dialectic) which will later debunk or prove the inconsistency of their arguments. This classic flow of the dialogue is seen in the Symposium as the last speech delivered by Socrates had proved that the earlier speeches of the said guests were proved inconclusive, untrue or ill-founded. If we can name one single thing that the Symposium had taught us, it is our redefinition and reconsideration on how we understand love and its nature. As said, earlier, Plato, through Socrates had managed to widen our conception of love from a simple romantic affair to one of the most celebrated activity of humanity. In short, the Symposium had provided us a better and more definite understanding of love and its nature. In this paper, we are going to state the significance of these ideas provided by Plato through Socrates and shall later relate its importance to other fields of knowledge that are significant in the Greek community. Prior to the reading and understanding Symposium, there is a great chance that a common man will see love as a mere affair between a man and a woman. Love can be regarded as the mere bond between lovers or couples. However, with the help of the speech of the said speakers such as Agathon, Aristopahnes, Alicibiades etc. , our perspective on how we see love had widen. It almost seems with our two eyes alone, we are not able to see the real nature of the world around us. However, as we read the insights, theories and opinions of these speakers, it now seems that a new order was introduced to us. Rather than seeing love as a mere affair between two lovers and couple, love become a renewed entity that is or is becoming the central element wherein almost all things revolves. How is this possible? How does a very common element or topic such as love managed to renew its definition from a mere humanly affair toward a divine concept. Well, Socrates is the one we must consult. According to Socrates (through Diotima), love is neither a god nor mortal. Arguing so, will backfire against the love’s inclination towards happiness and beauty. As argued, love is a spirit who bridges the gap between the realm of the gods and realm of the humans. This can be seen on how humans communicate to gods and how gods communicate to human. As a spirit, love is the messenger between the two. As stated, â€Å"Gods do not mix with men; they mingle and converse with us through spirits [love] instead, whether we are awake or asleep. † (Plato 203a) Prayers and rituals are made possible through the love of the humans on gods. Blessings and gifts are made possible through the love of the gods on humans. In this respect, Plato had provided us a new perspective on how we can see love. We learned here that love is neither a god nor godly affair, neither an exclusive affair of the mortal. Instead, love is an instrument that can be used the mortal or by the human to communicate with gods. At the same time, love is also the instrument of the gods to communicate with humans. This discussion will be important if we contextualize the Platonic idea that concerns the world of forms. The idea of Plato, of the people who he regarded as the lovers of wisdom corresponds to this concept. Being a lover, humans are drawn towards the pursuit of wisdom. As can be seen in Plato’s’ numerous dialogues (i. e. The Republic, Phaedrus and Symposium), the real wisdom cannot be found and revealed in the realm of the humans. In short the real wisdom lies on the realm that is beyond this world. In many respects, wisdom is attributed to gods and the world of forms which is a place wherein the real knowledge and the real wisdom can be learned. In this respect, being a lover or possessing love bridges humans and gods. Being a lover gives the human a chance to have a glimpse of the world beyond theirs (i. e. world of forms) and at the same time, gods are given the chance to attract humans towards them. Gods are also able to share the wisdom and knowledge they possess to humans through the help of love. Again, this proved the significant role played by love between gods and humans. Another significant move done by Socrates is his extension of love from mere sexual and romantic affairs towards a more intellectual pursuit. Reproduction or giving birth is made possible through the love between couples. However, on Socrates speech, love does not only produce another human being. Love produces ideas that are immortal and lasts despite the death of its parent. As stated, â€Å". . . would look up to Homer, Hesiod, and the other good poets with envy and admiration for the offspring they have left behind – offspring which because they are immortal themselves, provide their parents with immortal glory and remembrance. † (Plato 209d) Human beings are capable of immortality. The first is his or her bearing of an offspring and the other one is bearing of ideas, worthy of surviving for ages. From these concepts of Plato, through Socrates, they had provided us new lenses on how we can see and define love. Love had expanded from its usual definition that is concerned in mere romantic and sexual affairs. Love is now a tool of gods and humans to communicate. Lastly, love is a powerful force that can widen and heighten the awareness of humans to reach a higher goal in the world beyond this earth. In this sense, the highest form of lovers is the lovers who are engaged in the love and pursuit of wisdom. These new conception of love and later on, philosophy as a whole (since the highest form of lover are the lovers of wisdom) had a big implication on how we will see other fields of knowledge prominent in the Greek era. Philosophy, now being the highest form of activity of man outmatches any field of knowledge. Rhetoric, sciences, education and poetry are merely disciplines of field of knowledge that are just concerned to the material world. All of them are just trying to mirror images. In short, they are providing us an image of another image. Almost seems a picture that took another picture. For Plato’s standards, this is not that an honorable act. It is important to note that for him, we should be engage in the affairs that will give us a glimpse of the world beyond us, simply the world of forms. Fields like rhetoric, sciences, education and poetry are just affairs of the world and do not directly orient us towards the pursuit of knowledge that is heavenly. This explanation places philosophy among these disciplines. This is because philosophy or the love of wisdom itself pushes us to love the things that are beyond the earth. Philosophy obliges its followers to move pass what the eyes can see. Philosophy urges its student to discover what is really there and not what only manifest in the world. The earthly characteristics of these fields of knowledge are very clear. Rhetoric for example is concerned with the persuasion of its audience through words and arguments that are not necessarily true. As long as it rings good to its listeners and able to persuade them, rhetoric is acceptable. Sciences have an edge to rhetoric. Sciences try to answer question, removing biases as much as possible. However, we must still take note that the method of science are merely exclusive on what is observable. In short, sciences are for this earth alone. Education falls on the same pitfall. Education is concerned with the things that concerned our earthly existence, unable to tackle what is the world beyond us. Poetry suffers the same fate. Much of poetry is based on the feelings and emotions of the poet that are worldly. It is subject to the opinions of its creator and not influenced on the wisdom that philosophy offers us. Summing it up, Plato, through Socrates had provided us new standards in assessing disciplines of knowledge. This standard had given a very important influence on how we see love. The conception of love had expanded from a mere human affair towards heavenly affairs. This new standard had put philosophy on the foreground since philosophers are the lovers of wisdom. This provided as a new light, a new goal and a new end that we must all pursue. Plato had taught us that we must take a flight away from the earth that we live in and take a quest that is aimed for the discovery of the world of forms, which are beyond what our eyes can see. Works Cited Plato. Symposium. Michael Joyce (trans). 1961. Princeton University Press. NJ. Print. Accessed 21 May 2010.

Ordering System Essay

Automated store ordering has been offered as a potential solution to many store level problems: Automation could improve availability, decrease inventories, and reduce the time and labor required for ordering. However, despite the potential advantages, it seems that the majority of retailers have only just started to implement automated ordering systems at store level. Furthermore, very little published information can be found on store level processes, not to mention automated store ordering. Therefore, well-documented research on how and if conventional inventory management practices can be applied at store level operations should be extremely  engrossing both from academic and business viewpoints. This master’s thesis examines how automated store ordering could more efficiently be utilized to improve store operations and performance. The problem is approached first from the theoretical viewpoint: In the literature review, the retail supply chain and store level processes and performance are examined. Furthermore, inventory management and forecasting practices as well as their application in retailing are reviewed. The empirical work in the thesis consists of a part where survey material form the study â€Å"Logistics processes of European grocery retailers† is analyzed, and a case as well as a simulation study. The survey material provides information on how common ASO systems are and what kind of systems actually have been implemented; The case study offers the opportunity to explore the implementation of an ASO system in practice; And the simulations enable developing and testing ways in which the performance of ASO systems can be enhanced. Both the theoretical and empirical parts of the thesis present practical conclusions and results. The most important findings of the thesis are the following: – Many companies have just started to implement automated store ordering systems. The systems in use are typically fairly simple, and they are most often used for managing the normal material flow. Exception situations as well as more challenging product groups are still usually handled manually. – The performance of basic automated store ordering systems can be enhanced by taking into consideration special characteristics of store environment. In case of normal material flow, robust methods are needed to tackle weekday demand and varying replenishment intervals. This can be accomplished by applying material requirements planning logic in order determination. – For efficiently managing promotions with automated store ordering systems, it is important to improve flexibility and react to initial promotion demand. Key words: Automated store ordering, retail logistics, inventory management, retail store processes Language: English Acknowledgements ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Special word of thanks to the people who have contributed to the completion of this thesis. First, I would like to thank my instructor, and friend, Johanna Smà ¥ros for her support, feedback and guidance. Without her deadlines, and understanding, this thesis would not exist. My appreciation goes to Professor Kari Tanskanen for his supervision and guidance, and to all the members of the Logistics Research Group for a wonderful and inspiring working environment. I would also like to thank the people in the case company, especially Aleksi. And most of all, I would like to thank those closest to me. My wonderful friends at Helsinki University of Technology have been a great cause of happiness and comfort during the last five years, and especially this spring. Finally, I am deeply grateful to my family: What allows me to risk getting shattered is the knowledge that you will be there to pick up the pieces.

Luxury Goods in India Essay

Luxury goods in India is still at a nascent stage of development. High net worth individuals such as businessmen, senior government officials, celebrities and top management in corporations are key potential customers for luxury goods. As consumers’ awareness about global luxury brands increases, they use such products to differentiate themselves from others. The high net worth individuals frequently buy luxury goods for personal as well as gifting requirements and global luxury brand operators†¦ Luxury Goods in India report offers a comprehensive guide to the size and shape of the Luxury Goods market at a national level. It provides the latest retail sales data, allowing you to identify the sectors driving growth. It identifies the leading companies, the leading brands and offers strategic analysis of key factors influencing the market and their effects on Luxury Goods retailing along with the development of consumers’ shopping patterns. Forecasts to 2018 illustrate how the market is set to change Product coverage: Designer Apparel (Ready-to-Wear), Fine Wines/Champagne and Spirits, Luxury Accessories, Luxury Cigars, Luxury Electronic Gadgets, Luxury Jewellery and Timepieces, Luxury Travel Goods, Luxury Writing Instruments and Stationery, Super Premium Beauty and Personal Care. Data coverage: market sizes (historic and forecasts), company shares, brand shares and distribution data. Why buy this report? * Get a detailed picture of the Luxury Goods market; * Pinpoint growth sectors and identify factors driving change; * Understand the competitive environment, the market’s major players and leading brands; * Use five-year forecasts to assess how the market is predicted to develop. Table of Content: Executive Summary High Net Worth Individuals Represent Growing Potential Customer Base Expansion Is the Key Success for Players Luxury Infrastructure Still A Constraint Internet Retailing Emerges As A Sales Channel Luxury Goods Restricted To Major Cities of India Key Trends and Developments Rising Infrastructure and Operational Costs Restrict the Growth of Luxury Outlets For more information kindly visit: http://www. marketreportsonindia. com/consumer-goods-market-research-reports-2944/luxury-goods-in-india. html About MarketReportsonIndia. Market Report on India is a portal where you can access thousands of reports on India starting from Aeronautics to Zinc (A-Z). We provide you with reports which will help you gain a better understanding of the Sectors, Companies, New Products and Latest trends. Contact Us Market Reports on India Contact No: India: +91. 22. 27810772, 27810773 Toll Free US: 1-866-279-8368 Email: info@marketreportsonindia. com Website: http://www. marketreportsonindia. com Twitter: https://twitter. com/ReportsonIandia.